Return of the Mount Hua

Last updated: 20.11.2025

Use ctrl+F or cmd+F or “find on the page” and type the term you want to find here. If the term isn’t here leave the comment under the chapter with it so I can add it. I try to constantly update this page.

Gangho [강호] – “martial world,” “the world of warriors.” In ROTMHS is represented mostly by Just Sects and Evil Sects.

Yangmin [양민] – common people’s world.

Martial arts [무학(武學)] – Muhak.

Just Sect [정파(正派) - jeongpa] - where 正 means just/orthodox/righteous; 派 means sect/faction/group.

Hwasan/Mount Hua/Huashan [화산파(華山派) – hwasanpa].

• Hwasan Jeonggeom [화산정검(華山正劍)] – The Just Sword of Hwasan, Baek Cheon’s title (Just as in Just[正] Sects which is close to the western word ‘justice’).

• Daehyeongeom [대현검(大賢劍) – Great Virtuous Sword] Chung Mun. One of his early titles: 장도검(藏道劍) – Jang-do Geom – Hidden Sword of Tao.

• Five Swords – Ogeom [오검] (the five swords of Hwasan).
• Hwasan Shinryong [화산신룡(華山神龍)] – Mount Hua/Hwasan Divine Dragon.

• Hwasan Geomhyeop [화산검협(華山劍俠)] – The Righteous Sword of Hwasan, Chung Myung’s title. Where [협(俠) – hyeop] is used throughout the whole novel whenever there is any kind of conversation about righteousness.

• Maehwa Geomgwi [매화검귀(梅花劍鬼)] – Plum Blossom Sword Ghost/Evil Spirit (Demon would not be the most accurate translation in the end), Chung Myung’s title used among the Evil Sects (鬼 is a malevolent spirit, in Japanese it also means ‘oni’ btw.) +more in ch. 1268.

• Maehwa Geomjon [매화검존(梅花劍尊)] – Plum Blossom Sword Sovereign (Plum Blossom Sword Saint in some tls). 尊(jon) is the title granted to someone who is acknowledged as the strongest.

• Binggeom Maehwa [빙검매화(氷劍梅花) – Ice Sword of Plum Blossoms] Yu Iseol’s title.

• One Sword Splitting Light [일검분광(一劍分光) – ilgeombungwang] or Flashing Blade – Jo Geol’s title.

• Dark Plum Sword [암매검(暗梅劒)- ammaegeom)] – a shortended way biga calls Chung Myung’s sword [암향매화검(暗香梅花劒) – amhyang-maehwageom] Dark Fragrance Plum Blossom Sword.

• Purple Mist Divine Sword [자하신검(紫霞神劍) – jahasingeom] the sacred relic of the sect belonging to the Sect Leader.
• Baek Jeon, the White Lightning [백전(白電)] – Baek Ah.

Gupailbang [구파일방(九派一幇)] - Nine Sects One Union. The alliance of the greatest Just Sects: Jongnam Sect, Wudang Sect, Beggars Sect, Shaolin Temple, Haenam Sect, Qingcheng Sect, Diancang Sect, Kongtong Sect, Kunlun Sect, Emei Sect. An alliance of Just Sects commonly found in murim genre.

Cheonumaeng – 천우맹(天友盟)
天 (Tiān) – This character means “heaven” or “sky” and is often used to represent the celestial or divine.
友 (Yǒu) – It means “friend” or “friendship.” It represents camaraderie and positive relations.
盟 (Méng) – This character signifies an “alliance” or “league,” often used in the context of formal associations.
So, when combined, “天友盟” would translate to something like “Heavenly Friendship Alliance”. Honestly, until I think of something more ‘pretty’ I’d like to leave it as it is.

Jongnam Sect/Zhongnan Sect (Southern Edge) [종남파(終南派) – jongnampa].

• The Sword Under the Heaven [천하검(天下劍) – cheonha-geom], Jongli Gok [종리곡(鐘離穀)] – Sect Leader of Jongnam.

Wudang Sect [무당파(武當派) – mudangpa].

• Heo Do Jinin [허도진인(虛道眞人)]. 眞人 – Jinin – “one who attained the Tao”, immortal, “true man”. A title for Taoist monks. Sect Leader of Wudang.

Beggars Sect/Beggars Union [개방(丐幇) – gaebang].

• Beggar Sect’s Dragon Head Sect Leader [용두방주(龍頭幇主) – yongdubangju] – official name of the sect’s sect leader.
• Pung Baek Mueum Shin Gae [풍백(風伯) 무음신개(無音神丐)] – Sect Leader during the Great Demonic War (Silent God(Divine) Beggar).
• Hyeon Pung Shin Gae [현풍신개] the oldest Sect Leader/Elder (Mysterious Wind God(Divine) Beggar).
• Pung Yeong Gae [풍영개(風影丐) – Wind’s Shadow Beggar] Lee Gwa [이과(李果)] Current/previous Sect Leader. Him also Muheun Gae [무흔개(無痕丐) – Traceless Beggar], Nangu Pung [난구풍(難拘風) – Unyielding Wind].

Shaolin Temple [소림사(少林寺) – solim-sa].

• Beop Jong [법정(法整)] – the Abbot of Shaolin, in his younger years known as the Divine Fist of Mount Song [숭산신권(嵩山神拳) – sungsansingwon].

Haenam Sect/Hainan Sect/Southern Island Sect [해남파(海南派) – haenampa].

• The “three waves” [삼파랑(三波浪) – sampalang] – symbol of Haenam.
• Geum Yangbaek [금양백(金洋魄)] – Sect Leader of Haenam.

Qingcheng Sect [청성파(靑城派) – cheongseongpa].

• Byeok Hyeonja [벽현자(碧賢子)] – Sect Leader of Qingcheng, no title mentioned.

Diancang Sect [점창파(點蒼派) – jeomchangpa].

• Jin Songwon [진송원] – no title or hanja mentioned, the Sect Leader.

Kongtong Sect [공동파(崆峒派) – gongdongpa].

• Jongli Hyeong [종리형(宗利形)], the Demon-Subduing Hermit [복마산인(伏魔山人) – bogmasan-in] – Sect Leader of Kongtong.

Kunlun Sect [곤륜파(崑崙派)] – gonlyunpa].

Emei Sect [아미파(峨嵋派) – amipa].

• Gwan Hae [관해(觀解)], the Sect Leader of Emei (the Head Nun/Venerable Teacher Gwan Hae [관해사태(觀解師太) – gwanhaesatae]).

The Five Great Families [오대세가(五大世家) - odaesega]. The Alliance of the five greatest clans of the Just side of Gangho.

Sichuan Tang Clan [사천당가(泗川當家) – sacheon-dangga] or Tangga.

• Amjon [암존(暗尊)] – Dark Saint/Sovereign – Tang Bo’s title.
• Tang Gunak [당군악(當群岳)]. Poison King [
  독왕(毒王) – dog-wang], Lord of the Family.

Namgung Clan/Family [남궁세가(南宮世家) – namgung-sega].

• Mountain-Cutting Sword [단악검(斷岳劍) – dan-aggeom] – once it was mentioned as Namgung Dowi’s [남궁도위(南宮度偉)] title (Dowi is the Young Lord).
• Namgung Hwang [남궁황(南宮晃)], Emperor’s Sword [제왕검(帝王劍) – jewang-geom], Lord of the Family.

Hebei Paeng/Peng Family [하북팽가(河北彭家) – habug-paengga].

• Paeng Yeop [팽엽 – 彭曄], the Lightning Fast Blade[섬전쾌도(閃電快刀) – seomjeonkwaedo].

Moyong/Murong Family [모용세가(慕容世家) – moyong-sega].

• Moyong Wigyeong [모용위경(慕容委瓊)], Lord of the Family.

Zhuge/Jegal Family [제갈세가(諸葛世家) – jegal-sega].

• Zhuge Jain [제갈자안(諸葛滋案)], Master of Divine Calculations [신산자(神算子) – sinsanja]

Evil Sect [사파(邪派) - sapa] - where 邪 means evil/unorthodox, 派 means sect/faction/group.

Sapa or Sapain – I often leave it like that, it means “a member of the Evil Sects.”

Evil Path [사도(邪道) – sado].

Evil energy [사기(邪氣) – sagi] of the Evil Sects

Maninbang [만인방(萬人房)] – Hall of Ten Thousand People/Myriad Man Manor/Ten Thousand People Clan etc etc. Jang Ilso’s Evil Sect.

• Paegun [패군(覇君)] Jang Ilso. Where 覇 means conquer/lord/supreme, 君 means to dominate, to reign. Hegemon/Overlod/Tyrant etc.

• Poisoned Heart Rakshasa [독심나찰(毒心羅刹) – doksim-nachal] – Ho Gamyeong’s title.

• Red Dogs [hong-gyeon – 홍견(紅犬)] – Jang Ilso’s elite unit.
• One strike, one kill [일격필살(一擊必殺) – ilgyeog-pilsal] Jeok Ho.

Surochae [장강수로십팔채(長江水路十八砦) – janggang-sulo-sibpal-chae] – The Eighteen Strongholds of the Yangtze River Waterway. Pirates of the Yangtze River.

• Black Dragon King [흑룡왕(黑龍王) – heuglyong-wang] commander of Surochae and Black Dragon Stronghold.

Nokrim [녹림칠십이채(綠林七十二砦) – noglim-chilsibi-chae]. The Seventy-Two Strongholds of the Green Forest. Mountain bandits.

• Ten Shadows of Nokrim [녹림십영(綠林十影) – noglimsib-yeong].
• Im Sobyeong [임소병], Nokrim King/Green Forest King [녹림왕(綠林王) – noglim-wang].

Black Ghost Fortress or just Black Ghost [흑귀보(黑鬼堡) – heuggwibo].

• Mangeum Daebu [만금대부(萬金大夫) – Master of Immeasurable Wealth, literally of ‘ten thousand gold’], Gong Yawol [공야월(孔夜月)].

Haomun [하오문(下汚門) – haomun]. 下 lower/beneath, 汚 dirty/filthy, 門 sect/clan/gate. Hao Clan.

• Cheon Myeon Susa [Master of the Thousand Faces – [천면수사(千面秀士)] Dam Yeohae [담여해(譚與海)]. Also known as the Greatest Hand on the Evil Path [사도제일수(邪道第一手) – sadojeilsu].

Shinjuopae - Five Overlords/Tyrants of the Divine Land [신주오패(神州五覇) - sinjuopae]. Where 神州[shénzhōu] means “divine land” - literary the old way to address the Central Plains (China). The alliance of the Evil Sects formed previously to establishing Sapaeryeon.

Sapaeryeon [사패련(邪覇聯)] - Coalition of Evil Overlords/Tyrants. 聯(ryeon) just as 盟(maeng) means an “alliance” but has a different color to it. Here is the explanation:
盟 (méng):
• 盟 (méng) is often associated with formal, solemn, or sworn alliances. It implies a deeper level of commitment and loyalty among the members.
It can be used in contexts where alliances are made with a strong sense of unity, common goals, and shared values. This character is associated with covenants, leagues, and solemn pledges.
聯 (lián):
• 聯 (lián) usually denotes a more general or informal form of alliance or union. It can refer to various types of collaborations, partnerships, or coalitions.
It may suggest a broader range of affiliations, not necessarily characterized by deep commitment or solemn oaths.

Five Palaces Outside the Great Wall [새외오궁(塞外五宮) - saeoeogung]. Or Five Outer Palaces. Not Just and not Evil. Outer sects developed independently of the Central Plains.

Southern Barbarian Beast Palace/Nanman Beast Palace [남만야수궁(南蠻野獸宮) – namman-yasugung].

• Maeng So [맹소(孟小)], Lord of the Beast Palace.

Northern Sea Ice Palace [북해빙궁(北海氷宮) – bughaebing-gung].

• Seol Sobaek [설소백(雪素白)], Lord of the Ice Palace.

Potala Palce [포달랍궁(布達拉宮) – podallabgung].

• Great Living Buddha [대활불(大活佛) – daehwalbul] – Dalai Lama [달뢰라마(達賴喇嘛) – dalloelama].
• Panchen Lama [반선라마가(班禪額爾德尼) – banseonlamaga] – the second highest spiritual leader in Tibetan Buddhism after the Dalai Lama.

Mara Blood Palace [마라혈궁(魔羅血宮) – malahyeolgung]. Mara – demon in Buddhist context. They also call themselves Blood Cult [혈교 – hyelgyo].

• Bloodworms [혈충(血蟲) – hyeolchung] the blessing of the cult.
• Blood Palace Lord [혈궁주 – hyeolgungju], or Blood Cult Leader [혈교주 – hyeolgyoju].

Southern Sea Sun Palace [남해태양궁(南海太陽宮) – namhae-taeyang-gung].

• The Lord of the Southern Sea Sun Palace, Sun Supreme [태양존자(太陽尊者) – taeyangjonja] Jin Pyeong [진평(陳平)].

Demonic Cult [마교(魔敎) - magyo]. 

The Heavenly Demon [천마(天魔) – cheonma].

Demonic Path [마도(魔道) – mado].

Demonic energy [마기(魔氣) – magi]. Unique to the Demonic Path.

Demonic force [마강(魔剛) – magang] – superior in attack power to demonic energy.

Archbishop [대주교- daejukyo].

Bishop [주교- jukyo].

Internal Law Enforcers [집법사자 – jipbeopsaja] – demonic cultist of a high rank.

Demonic Generals [마장(魔將) – majang].

Demonic warriors [마군(魔軍) – magun].

Majol [마졸(魔卒) – demonic soldiers] – common believers, low rank.

Apostate [배교자(背敎子) – baegyoja] – someone who left religious group of their own volition.

Demonic Arts [마공(魔功) – magong].

Demonic Corpse Arts [고루마공(骷髏魔功) – gorumagong] – healing technique of the Cult.

Soul Absorbing Demonic Art [흡정마공(吸精魔功) – heubjeong-magong] – consumimg another person’s energy.

Heavenly Execution Demon Emperor [천살마제(天殺魔帝) – cheonsalmaje] – or Heavenly Executioner. Bishop alive since the previous Great Demonic War.

The Demon Valley [마곡(魔谷) – magog] – a place of repentance for the cultists.

Gangho honorifics and positions/titles:

Honorifics within a sect:

• In the same generation: Sahyeong(사형) – ‘older martial brother,’ Sajeo(사저) – ‘older martial sister.’ Saje(사제) – ‘junior martial brother,’ Samae(사매) – ‘junior martial sister.’ Daesajeo/Daesahyeong – the great disciple/the oldest of the generation.
• generation above: Sasuk(사숙) – ‘martial uncle,’ Sago(사고) – ‘martial aunt,’ Sajil(사질) – junior member of a sect in the lower generations.
• two generations above: Sasukjo [사숙조(師叔祖)] – great martial uncle – that is what Un disciples are for Chung disciples.
• Retired Sect Leader [Taesang(太上) – Jangmunin].

Doho(in Korean)/Daohao(in Chinese) – taoist names received in a sect. There are 5 doho lines in Hwasan: Hyeon/Hyun; Un; Baek; Cheong/Chung; Myeong/Myung. Doho of Wudang: Heo; Mu; Jin etc. Same goes for Buddhist Dharma names (Beop; Hye etc.).

Dojang/Sodojang – polite way to address a Taoist from a martial arts sect (Sodojang is lower in the status than Dojang). For example it is used for Hwasan and Wudang.

Dosa – unlike ‘Dojang’ which is a term applied to taoist martial artists, dosa is applied to taoists in general.

Sohyeop – a polite way to address a martial artist from a sect. For example it is used for Jongnam and Haenam.

Daehyeop – 대협(大俠) – a title of honor for an adult male (if married usually) who is famous in the martial arts world (a step higher than Sohyeop).

Sojeo 소저(小姐) – a term used to refer to a young unmarried woman.

In general so- [소] means ‘small/young’ etc. Someone below/next in line.

Siju – a polite way for a monk to address other people. 시주 (施主) – the direct translation would be “alms giver, benefactor, patreon.”

Lord/Patriarch/Family Head (가주) – gaju.

Young Lord/Heir to the Family (소가주) – sogaju.

Unit leaders [Daeju – 대주(臺主); 臺 – unit]. Vice unit leader [budaeju].

Squad leader [Danju – 단주(團主); 團 – squad] – above the unit leader.

Bangju [방주] – leader of a sect (방 – as in Maninbang, for example). Bubangju(Sobangju) – vice leader of a sect.

Chaeju [채주] – commander of a stronghold (as in Surochae, for example).

Maengju [맹주] – Alliance Leader [Cheonumaeng].

Ryeonju [련주] – Coalition Leader [Sapaeryeon].

Munju [문주] – leader of a sect (문 – as in Haomun).

General [총사 – chongsa] more in ch. 1450.

Commander [군사 – gunsa].

Buntaju – branch leader in the Beggars Sect.

Military advisor [군사전(軍師殿) – gunsajeon].

Division leaders [당주 – Dangju]. Vice(division)-leaders [Budangju] (this is in Cheonumaeng).

Chief administrator [총관(摠管) – chong-gwan].

Merchant Guilds:

Eunha Merchant Guild [은하상단 – eunhasangdan]. Merchant Guild from the beginning of the novel with Hwang Mun-yak and his son Hwang Jong-ui.

Four Seas Merchant Guild [사해상회(四海商會) – sahaesanghoe]. Jo Geol’s parents’ guild from Sichuan.

Nanjing Merchant Guild [남경상단(南京商團) – namgyeongsangdan].

Wind Forest merchant guild [풍림상단(風林賞單) – punglimsangdan].

Places:

Gangnam – southern provinces below the Yangtze River on the map of China.

Gangbuk – northern provinces above the Yangtze River on the map of China.

Hwaeum/Huayin – the village beneath Hwasan sect.

Maehwado [매화도]. Plum Blossom Island of the Yangtze River.

Linyi [임읍(林邑) – imeub – or Lam Ap] – ancient kingdom where the Sun Palace is located (part of the territory of modern Vietnam).

Hainan/Haenam Island – the island where Haenam (Hainan Sect) is located.

Daesan [대산(大山) – Great Mountain].

Hundred Thousand Mountains [십만대산 – 十萬大山 – sibmandaesan].

White-Faced Cliff [백안암(白顏巖) – baeg-an-am] – cliff on Mount Wudang.

Techiques:

정공(正功) – jeong-gong – Just Sects’ techniques/or orthodox techniques.

Hwasan:

Plum Blossom Sword Technique [매화검법(梅花劍法) – maehwa-geombeob].

The Twenty-Four Plum Blossom Sword Technique [이십사수매화검법(二十四手梅花劍法) – isibsasu-maehwa-geombeob].

The Six Harmonies Sword [육합검(六合劍) – yughabgeom].

Plum Blossom Barrier [매화난벽(梅花難壁) – maehwa-nanbyeog].

Ultimate Barrier of Red Blossoms [홍화구벽 (紅花究壁) – honghwagubyeog].

Plum Blossom Scattering Hand [매화산수(梅花散手) maehwa-sansu].

Plum Blossom Sword Formation [매화검결(梅花劍結) – maehwa-geom-gyeol]; Plum Blossom’s Scent Across Ten Thousand Li [매화만리향(梅花萬里香) – maehwa-manli-hyang].

Light Splitting Sword [분광쾌검(分光快劍) – bungwangkwaegeom].

Twelve Swords [십이 검(十二劍)] technique (fast piercing attacks).

Bamboo Leaf Hand [죽엽수(竹葉手) – jug-yeobsu].

Moon Maiden Sword [월녀검(月女劍) – wolnyeo-geom].

Purple Mist Divine Arts [자하신공(紫霞神功) – jahasingong].

Purple Mist Divine Sword [자하신검(紫霞神劍) – jahasingeom].

Plum Shadows Reflecting in the River [매영조화(梅影造河) – maeyeong-jo-hwa]. More in ch. 1315.

Plum Blossom Flowing River [매화류여하(梅花流如河) – maehwalyuyeoha].

Plum Blossom Torrent [매화도도(梅花滔滔) – maehwadodo]. 도도(滔滔) – means – (of water) torrential; surging. Plum Blossoms Surging in torrents. 

Nakhwa [Falling Blossoms – 낙화(落花)].

Plum Blossom Blood Rain [매화혈우(梅花血雨) – maehwa-hyeol-u].

Purple Mist Pills [자소단(紫霄丹) – jasodan].

Immortal energy [선기(仙氣)] – more in ch.1717.

Tang Clan:

Darting needles [비침(飛針) – bichim].

Throwing stars [표창 – pyochang – like a shuriken].

Hidden weapons [암기(暗器) – amgi].

Bido [비도(飛刀)] – throwing dagger, flying dagger.

Twelve Flying Daggers [십이비도(十二飛刀) – sibi-bido].

Demon Slaying Dagger [비마수(滅魔匕)] – Tang Bo’s dagger techique.

Soul-Chasing Dagger [추혼수(追魂匕) – chuhonsu] – Tang Bo’s dagger techique.

Internal Energy Scattering Poison [산공독(散功毒) – sangongdog].

Cow hair needles [우모침(牛毛針) – umochim].

Poisonous sand [독모래 – dogmolae].

Poison powder [독분(毒粉) – dogbun].

Thunder Cannon [뇌격포(雷擊砲) – noegyeogpo].

Tang Mun Jeon [當門錢: a coin-shaped hidden weapon used by the Tang clan].

Lethal poisons [절독(絶毒) – jeoldog].

Forbidden hidden weapons [금용암기(禁用暗器) – geum-yong-amgi] more in ch. 1113.

독질려(毒蒺藜) – dog-jillyeo – poison-laced caltrops.

철질려(鐵蒺藜) – cheol-jillyeo – a spiked iron object used to deter thieves or enemies. A spiked object made of iron, shaped like a tetrahedron. Regardless of how it is thrown, one sharp end always points upward.

귀왕령(鬼王玲) – gwiwanglyeong – Ghost King’s Jade Bell – crimson colored dust-like poison, that seeps through the skin and leaves only a bloody mess instead of a person, banned for use, only for extreme situations.

혈적자(血赤刺) – hyeoljeogja – Blood Red Thorn – type of a throwing weapon, you can google it, there are some pictures (round object on a chain).

칠보추혼사(七步追魂沙) – chilbochuhonsa – Seven-Step Soul Chasing Sand – extremely lethal poison, when you die after taking seven steps.

Soul Severing Sand [단혼사(斷魂沙) – danhonsa].

Returning Dagger [회선비(回旋匕) – hoeseonbi] more in ch. 1136.

Heavenly Poison Elixir [천독단(天毒團) – cheondogdan].

Thousand Li Tracking Incense [만리추종향(萬里追從香) – manli-chujong-hyang].

Great Reviving Golden Needle Net [환혼대라금침(還魂大羅金針)- hwanhon-dae-ra-geumchim].

Illusionary Poison Confusion Formation [환독미리진(幻毒迷理陣) – hwandogmilijin].

Forbidden Level [금급(禁級) – geumgeub] Weapons.

White Furnace Blood [백로혈(白爐血) – baeglohyeol] more in ch. 1422.

Yang Regulating Powder [이양산(理陽散)] – medicine for yang qi burns.

Spiritual pill [영단] – simple elixir helping with internal energy.

Blue Furnace [청로(靑爐)] – Tang clan’s signature furnace with blue flames.

Jongnam:

Twelve Movement Snowflake(Snow flower) Sword Technique [설화십이식(雪花十二式) – seolhwa-sib-isig] more in 1440.

Thirty-Six Swords Under the Heaven [천하삼십육검(天下三十六劍) – cheonha-samsib-yuggeom].

Haenam:

Blasting Wind and Waves Swordsmanship [장풍파랑검법 – jangpungpalang geombeop].

조양단(潮陽團) – joyangdan -Rising Tide Yang Pill.

Shaolin:

The Seventy-Two Supreme Techniques of Shaolin [소림칠십이종절예 (少林七十二種絶藝)].

Arhat Divine Fist [아라한신권(阿羅漢神拳) – alahansingwon].

Arhat Fist [나한권(羅漢拳) – nahangwon] (나한 (Luohan) shortened colloquial version for Arhat 아라한).

Form Imitation Fist [상형권(象形拳) – sanghyeong-gwon] – refers to a style of martial arts where movements imitate the shapes, behaviors, or characteristics of animals or natural forms. This is a common concept in traditional Chinese martial arts, where practitioners mimic the movements of animals like tigers, cranes, or snakes.

Avalokiteshvara’s Hand [관음수(觀音手) – gwan-eumsu].

Thousand-Armed Avalokiteshvara [천수관음(千手觀音) – cheonsugwan-eum].

Golden Vajra Immovable Stance [금강부동보(金剛不動步) – geumgang-budongbo], one of the seventy-two techniques of Shaolin.

Kao Fa [고법(靠法) – gobeob] – a technique of pushing with the shoulder].

Supreme Kick [무상각(無上脚) – musang-gag].

Diamond/Vajra Immovable Technique [금강부동신법(金剛不動身法)].

Swapping One’s Position [이형환위(移形換位) – ihyeonghwan-wi] – to change/swap your position in space in a very short period of time.

Dragon Claw Hand [용조수(龍爪手) – yongjosu].

Divine Power at One’s Fingertips [탄지신통(彈指神通) – tanji-sintong].

Demon-Subduing Vájra Fist [항마금강권(降魔金剛拳) – hangmageumgang-gwon].

Prajñā Divine Palm [반야신장(般若神掌) – ban-yasinjang] more in ch. 1705.

Hundred Steps Divine Fist [백보신권(百步神拳) – baegbosingwon].

The One Finger Zen [일지선(一指禪) – iljiseon].

Dragon Binding Hand [박룡수(縛龍手) – baglyongsu].

Thousand Buddha Bell [천불종(千佛鐘) – cheonbuljong].

Thousand Buddha Hands [천불수(千佛手) – cheonbulsu].

Void Shattering Palm [격공장(隔空掌) – gyeoggongjang].

Supreme Power of Nothingness [무상대능력(無上大能力) – mu-sangdae-neung-lyeog].

Great Strength Vájra Fist [대력금강권(大力金剛拳) – daelyeoggeumgang-gwon].

Lion’s Roar Mudra/Seal [사자모니인(獅子牟尼引) – sajamoniin].

Great Revitalization Pill [대환단(大還丹) – daehwandan].

The energy of Purging Evil [파사(破邪) – pasa].

Muscle/Tendon Transformation Classic [역근경(易筋經)] – classical method of cultivation in Buddhism.

Immovable mind/heart [부동심(不動心)] – in simpler terms – a state of calmness.

Ninth Stage of the Lotus Pedestal [연대구품(蓮臺九品)] – 연대구품(蓮臺九品) this is what was given to us in the novel, but this 구품연대(九品蓮臺) is what I have found online with the most reasonable explanation (the word order is different). What is “Lotus Pedestal” – the lotus seat in the Pure Land, categorized into nine different levels based on the depth and shallowness of one’s accumulated karma or spiritual merit. So the ninth level of this is basically the highest level one can achieve.

Namgung clan:

Path of the Emperor [제왕지로(帝王之路) – jewangjilo].

Emperor’s Sword Form [제왕검형(帝王劍形) – jewang-geomhyeong].

Azure Sky Divine Sword [창천신검(蒼天神劍) – changcheon-singeom].

Azure Sky Boundless Cultivation Technique [창궁무애심법(蒼穹無涯法) – chang-gungmuaesimbeob].

Twelve Strikes of the Iron Sword [철검십이식(鐵劍十二式) – cheolgeomsib-isig].

Wudang:

Pine Crest Ancient Sword [송문고검(松紋古劍) – songmun-gogeom].

Vertical Cloud Ladder [제운종(梯雲縱) – je-unjong] – or Cloud Stepping Technique.

The pinnacle of the art of reversal [or polar opposites 극성]: moving the flowers onto a different tree [이화접목(移花接木) – ihwajeobmog – an idiom].

Neung-yujegang – to overcome strength with gentleness [능유제강(能柔制强)].

Wudang’s Soft Palm [면장(綿掌) – myeonjang].

Soft sword [유검(柔劍)].

Taiji Wisdom Sword [태극혜검(太極慧劍) – taegeughyegeom].

Yangui Geomjin/Geombeop [양의검법(兩意劍法)] – when they use two martial arts simultaneously. Dual Intent Sword Technique.

Grand Nine Palaces Sword Formation [대구궁검진(大九宮劍陳) – daegugung-geomjin].

Gankyil [삼태극(三太極) – samtaegeug] – a circle of three swirling energies coming together. More in ch. 1695.

Taiji Divine Pill [태극신단(太極神丹) – taegeugsindan].

Great Clarity Pill [태청단(太淸丹) – taecheongdan].

Tai Chi [태극권] is a part of Wudang’s martial heritage.

Salyang Balcheongeun – To move a thousand jin with four liang [사량발천근(四兩撥千斤)] more in ch. 1760. Also Silk Spinning Force [전사경(纏絲勁) – jeonsagyeong].

Kongtong:

Demon Subduing Sword Technique [복마검법(伏魔劍法) – bogmageombeob].

Kunlun:

Great Eight Forms of the Cloud Dragon – 운룡대팔식(雲龍大八式)(unlyongdaepalsig) – hanja wasn’t provided, so that’s what I have found myself.

Diancang:

“Shooting the Sun” [사일(射日)] – the Sun-Shooting Sword Technique [사일검법 – sail-geom-beob]. 射 – means to shoot (with an arrow, for example).

“Piercing the Sun” [관일(貫日)] – the Sun-Piercing Spear Technique [관일창법 – gwan-ilchang-beob]. 貫 – means to pierce smth/go through smth.

Beggars Sect:

Mysterious Jade Divine Art [옥현신공(玉玄神功) – oghyeon-singong].

Eighteen Palms Pursuing Righteousness [추의십팔장(追義十八掌) – chuuisibpaljang].

Dog Beating Staff Technique [타구봉법(打狗棒法) – tagubongbeob].

Dog-Beating Staff Formation [타구봉진(打狗棒陳) – tagubongjin].

Blue Dragon’s Roar [창룡후(蒼龍吼) – changlyonghu].

Ice Palace:

White Ice Divine Palm [빙백신장(氷白神掌) – bingbaeg-sinjang].

Sun Palace:

열양기공(熱陽氣功) – yeol-yang-gigong – hot yang energy circulation, or commonly 기공 is just called qigong. Sometimes such techniques are also called “scorching hot”.

Hot Yang Technique – [열양지공 – yeol-yang-jigong] – no hanja provided. At the same time: 열양기공(熱陽氣功) – hot yang energy circulation. Where 열양기공 specifies 기 – qi (energy) circulation, it looks like 열양지공 specifies 공 as a skill/power/achievement, as “emphasizing execution” of the skill.

Extreme Yang Qi – 양강지기 – there was no hanja provided. So we have what we have. Knowing that biga uses specific hanja constantly: 양(陽); 강(剛); 기(氣) – the most fitting hanja for 지 will be 至 (ji): ultimate/extreme. Extreme Yang Energy/Extreme Yang Qi. 

The Sacred Flame of the Sun and Moon [일월성화(日月聖火)] – the last resort techique that harms even the user.

Divine Sun Palm [태양신장(太陽神掌) – taeyangsinjang].

Sun Fire Divine Palm [태양화신장(太陽火神掌) – taeyanghwasinjang].

Sacred Fire [성화(聖火) – seonghwa] more in ch.1669.

Evil Sects:

The Ghost King Manifests [귀왕현신(鬼王現身) – gwiwanghyeonsin] – Mangeum Daebu (Black Ghost).

Twelve Paths of the Ghost King [귀왕십이류(鬼王十二流) – gwiwangsib-ilyu], The Ghost King’s Scourge of Heaven [귀왕겁천(鬼王劫天) – gwiwang-geobcheon] – Mangeum Daebu (Black Ghost).

Ghost King’s Sun Destroying technique [귀왕관일(鬼王貫日) – gwiwang-gwan-il] – Mangeum Daebu (Black Ghost).

Unyielding Blue Slaughtering Flames [창염살강(蒼炎殺剛) – chang-yeomsalgang] – Jang Ilso (checked in raws ch. 1054).

Another variant of the technique above [청염살강(靑炎殺鋼) – cheong-yeomsalgang] with 1 different syllable 창(蒼)/청(靑) where both mean basically blue/green spectrum of color.

Blue Flame Battleground Slaughter [창염투살(蒼炎鬪殺) – chang-yeomtusal] – Jang Ilso (same hangzhou arc as 창염살강).

Soul Severing Flame Power/Force [단혼염강(斷魂炎剛) – danhon-yeomgang] – Jang Ilso.

Steel Flames [염강(炎鋼)] – Jang Ilso.

Haomun’s special Thousand-li Tracking Incense [천리추종향(千里追從香) – cheonlichujonghyang].

Hungry Wolf Soul-Chasing Sword [아랑추혼검 (餓狼追魂劍) – alang-chuhon-geom] – Haomun.

Chuhonhyang [추혼향 – Soul Chasing Incense] – Haomun.

Hand of Thousand Faces [천면수(千面手) – cheo myeonsu] – Haomun (Cheon Myeon Susa). Or the Hand of Ten Thousand Blossoms [만화수(萬花手) – manhwasu], or Unarmed Divine Palm [소수신장(素手神掌) – sosusinjang] more in ch. 1774.

First Verse of the Evil Path [사파일절(邪派一節) – sapailjeol] – Haomun (Cheon Myeon Susa).

역용 (Yeokyong) used by biga, also know as 역용술 – a technique for altering facial appearance. Often requires the use of internal energy. In some descriptions, it involves manipulating facial muscles and bones to completely change one’s appearance, distinguishing it from simple disguises. However, there are also descriptions where Yeokyong  is simply referred to as a method of disguise. Cms is using masks, as far as we know – Haomun.

Wandering Illusionary Playful Hand [소요환희수(逍遙幻戲手) – soyohwanhuisu] also The Hundred Faces Hand [백면수(百面手) – baegmyeonsu] more in ch. 1672.

Regarding fan techniques of Im Sobyeong: fan surface [선면(扇面) – seonmyeon];  iron fan [철선(鐵扇) – cheolseon] – simple fan usually used, not ims’s fancy fan.

Additional terminology:

Bongmun [봉문] is when the whole sect closes the gates and goes into isolation.

Pyegwan [폐관] is when a disciple of a sect goes into isolated training, but the sect is functioning as usual.

Li is a measure of distance [~500m].

Jang is measure of distance [~3m].

Chi is a measure of [~3cm].

Geun [근(斤)] – old measure of weight [~600g].

각(刻) – 1 gak – around 15 minutes.

시진(時辰) – 1 sijin- 2 hours.

Jeongsajigan [정사지간] – neutral sect between righteous and evil.

본산(本山) – bonsan – hanja wasn’t provided. A large temple that serves as the main temple of a sect (iljong, 일종(一宗)) or a school (ilpa, 일파(一派)). It oversees each of its branch temples (malsa, 말사(末寺). Basically a main temple, a main location of a sect.

용봉지회(龍鳳支會) – yongbongjihoe – a concept frequently appearing in wuxia. Simply put, it is the martial arts version of the “World’s Strongest Martial Arts Tournament.” It is a martial arts competition hosted by the Just Sects. The participants are typically young martial artists (rising stars of Gangho). 

Savages [야인(野人)] – deregatory term to address people who live outside the Central Planes in tribes (barbarians etc). Foreign tribes [이족(異族)].

검기[劍氣] – geom-gi – sword qi, sword energy. 검강[劍罡] – geom-gang – also sword energy. But the meaning and form is different. As I have found some questions and comments about geomgi and geomgang, I understand that geomgi is like an aura around the sword, but geomgang is like a second sword made of energy surrounding the actual sword. So geomgang can cut geomgi easily. Hope it all made sense.

Hwangol-taltae, “rebirth through transformation” – 환골탈태 – When a master who has reached a high level of cultivation gains great internal energy and enlightenment, their body transforms into one more suited for martial arts in order to assimilate that energy and insight (more in chapter 1872).

강신(降神) – “Spirit descent/divine descent” or “to bring down a god/spirit” – the act of summoning a spirit or deity to descend by means of incantations or rituals. Refers to a spirit or divine being descending into the human world, or into a person (possession), often during rituals, shamanic practices, or religious ceremonies. (Chapter 1879)

생기(生氣) – saeng-gi – vital energy/vitality/energy of life. While qi is the energy in general, saeng-gi is the energy of life itself which is always positive. It makes it possible to sustain life itself.

외기(外氣)- oegi – external energy. It can refer to any external energy, positive or negative or neutral, including the energy that hasn’t been internalized and refined. Its opposing energy would be internal energy.

내기(內氣)- naegi – meaning energy circulating inside the body. But biga uses the word 내력(內力) – inner strength/internal strength/force, which is more like a result of a cultivated usable expenditure of qi. 

자연체(自然體) – jayeonche – in wuxia – natural body/form/the state of the body, meaning a body in perfect harmony with nature or the Tao, free from artificial interference or inner blockages. In kendo means a most natural posture of the body/natural stance. 

Sword force [검력(劍力)] – etreme of the sword energy, while sacrificing sharpness and putting it all onto power.

Yosangdan – 요상단(療傷丹) – “Healing Pill for Internal Injuries.” It’s a type of medicine used to treat internal injuries, in contrast to “금창약 – geumchang-yag” which is used for external or traumatic injuries.

Origin Energy Pill [혼원단(混元團) – hon-wondan] made by Medicine Immortal.

Dao [도(刀) – do] – chinese single-edged sword.

장검 [長劍 – jang-geom] – longsword – this is not a european type of a longsword, that is more than half of a person in size, but a chinese one which is less than 90cm in length.

Sword cry [검명(劍鳴) – geommyeong] – or sword resonance. When the sword resonates with the swordsman’s qi and intent.

Defensive Sword [수검(守劍) – su-geom] – a sword/sword techique sentered on defence.

Powerful Sword [강검(强劍) – gang-geom] – where 强 is a LESS common variant of 強 (why is biga using that one…). 強 means – strong/powerful/forceful, implying that the sword technique relies on strength and powerful blows.

Swift sword [쾌검(快劍) – gwae-geom].

Salgang [殺剛 – 살강 – evil power] – evil force – the energy of someone of the Evil Sects gained by the cultivation of the Evil Path.

Shortening-Steps [축지(縮地) – chugji] – negating the distance with someones foot techniques.

Right-Handed use of the sword [우수검(右手劍) – usugeom]. Basically being right handed. Seen as orthodox.

Left-Handed Sword [좌수검(左手劍) – jwasugeom], deemed  ‘unorthodox’ [사도 – belonging to an evil/unorthodox path].

Palm print [장인(掌印) – jang-in] – left after using palm techniques.

Base of the palm [장타(掌打)] – important to martial arts techniques.

Martial artist [권사(拳士) – gwonsa] – a martial artist/fighter/someone who specializes in combat.

Genuine qi [진기(眞氣) – jingi] – the combination of the innate qi and the acquired qi, serving as the physical substrata and dynamic force of all vital functions, also known as true qi.

Manifested Killing Intent [의형살인(意形殺人) – uihyeongsal-in] more in ch.1065.

Sword principles [검리(劍理) – geomli]. Basic principles of the sword applied in a sect (Hwasan – llusionary [환(幻)] sword sword etc).

Sapailtong – [사파일통(邪派一通)] – a complete unity within the Evil Sects (never seen before Jang Ilso).

Repentance Chamber [참회동 – chamhoedong].

Ancestral Hall [조사전(祖師殿) – josajeon].

Fasting pills [벽곡단] – nutritious pills used while training in seclusion.

“Dragon’s Pool, Tiger’s Den” [용담호혈(as I’ve found 龙潭虎穴) – yongdamhohyeol] an idiom.

문일지십(聞一知十) – mun-il-jisib – to be quick on the uptake; to understand the whole situation from just a few clues. Idiom.

Divide and conquer – 각개격파(各個擊破) – 各個 (각개 / gè gè) → “Each one individually;” 擊破 (격파 / jī pò) → “Attack and destroy” or “defeat.” “Defeat them one by one.”It refers to a strategy where, instead of taking on all enemies at once, you isolate and defeat them individually, thereby weakening the overall force.

Brilliant genius [귀재(鬼才) – gwijae] – literally means “ghostly talent” or “a talent like a spirit”, implying someone with a rare, almost supernatural level of genius.

늙은 생강 – neulg-eun saeng-gang – old ginger – Korean idiomatic expression used to describe someone who is experienced, seasoned, or shrewd.

자포자기(自暴自棄) – an idiom in Korean and Chinese meaning “to give in to despair/to abandon oneself.”It comes from Thirteen Chinese Classics biga often mentions.

Hubaljein – 후발제인(後發制人) – to gain mastery by striking only after the enemy had struck. 

Yosang [요상(療像)] – healing injures through martial arts more in ch. 1080.

외상(外傷 – oesang) – physical injuries that are visible or affect the exterior of the body. It doesn’t mean “superficial,” it means it’s a flesh wound like a stab, a slash etc. On the other hand, in martial arts context, 내상(內傷 – naesang) – internal injury – refers to the injuries to dantian(s) and the meridians. The longer a fight drags on, the more these internal injuries interfere with the flow of qi, worsening the damage within the body.

Qi shield [護身罡氣 – hoshinkanggi] – protective barrier formed with qi.

Residual qi [잔기(殘氣) – jangi].

Body-Protecting Qi [호신강기(護身罡氣) – hosingang-gi].

Gyeodo [계도(戒刀)] – disciplinary sword. An instrument to punish those who transgressed the rules.

백척간두(百尺竿頭) – Baek Cheok Gan Du (百尺竿頭) is an expression that refers to the ‘end of a pole that reaches one hundred jang’ and signifies a ‘highly precarious and difficult situation.’ It is used to convey being in a dire danger or at an impasse, referred to as ‘standing at Baek Cheok Gan Du (百尺竿頭),’ also abbreviated as ‘Gandu (竿頭).’ Additionally, it signifies a state of exerting even more effort upon existing efforts or determination.

Martial arts competition [비무(比武) – bimu]. Formal competition between martial artists (someone from one sect can call someone from another sect to resolve their issues).

Wash your hands in the golden basin [금분세수(金盆洗手)] – public declaration of retirement. Pouring water into a golden basin and washing their hands, it symbolized cutting ties with bloodshed, vendettas, and the life of martial conflict.

The Three Great Sword Masters Under Heaven [천하삼대검수(天下劍三大劍首) – cheonha-samdae-geomsu] – depending on the era, they might be four, five, or even seven, and the number would change, but the essence was the same: that title was reserved for the strongest swordsmen under heaven.

Salgeom [살검(殺劍) – salgeom] – killing sword.

검수(劍首) – geomsu – the pommel of a sword, or more specifically, the end part of a sword’s hilt (handle).

Dowonhyang liquor [도원향(桃原香) – dowonhyang] – peach orchard fragrance liquor from Yunnan.

Divine Spirit Herb [신령초(神靈草) – sinlyeongcho] – purple herb [자목초 – jamogcho] from Yunnan.

Hundred Year Snow Ginseng [백년설삼(百年雪蔘) – baegnyeonseolsam] elixir.

인형하수오(人形何首烏) – inhyeonghasuo – Rénxíng Héshǒuwū – a root of a plant Reynoutria multiflora which looks like a human doll.

Hundred Convergence Acupoint [백회혈(百會穴) – baeghoehyeol] – a point at the top of your head.

심마[(心魔) – simma] – ’demon of the heart’ or ‘inner demon’. 

Telekinesis [gyeokgongseobmul – 격공섭물 – 隔空攝物] – moving objects without touching them.

Deceiving your master and dishonoring your ancestors [기사멸조(欺師滅祖) – gisamyeoljo] more in ch. 1183.

Signature renowned technique [성명절기(成名絕技)].

Juhwaibma – 주화입마(走火入魔) – translates to ‘losing oneself in obsession’ or ‘becoming possessed by evil spirits’ more in ch. 1196.

Thousand li blue pigeon [천리청구(千里靑鳩) – cheonlicheong-gu] – fast messenger bird of the Beggars Sect.

[점소이(店小二) – jeomsoi] – can be translated as innkeeper if we consider this hanja. Can also be translated as an informant generally based in inns which sounds nearly the same. An informant of a low class, working for/as a beggar, in some murim novels it can be an informant of Hao clan.

만리정 – manrijeong – the author didn’t provide hanja, so I can guess it’s something like Thousand Li Pill, Thousand Li Capsule, something containing something inside (if it makes sense).

진산(鎭山) – jinsan – can be interpreted as Guardian Mountain – This term refers to a large mountain located behind each village (usually to the north), also known as the principal mountain or “Jinsan.” It is a concept in Feng Shui geography.

옥쇄(玉碎) – ogswae – broken/shattered jade. The phrase stems from chinese history and literature which means roughly “A true man would rather be a broken jade than an intact tile.” It means that a man would rather die heroic death rather than live as a tile/brick.

The gleam of the sword [검광(劍光) – geomgwang] sword light.

Short dagger/blade/sword [소도(小刀) – sodo].

Poisoned dagger [독비(毒匕) – dogbi].

Flexible sword/or soft sword [연검(軟劍) – yeongeom] – one sword bending and wrapping other weapons.

Spine [칼등] of the sword – opposite of the sword edge/the blunt side.

Snake sword/or whip sword [사복검(蛇腹劍) – saboggeom] – a sword with interconnected fragments and wire.

‘Sword of life’ [활검(活劍) – hwalgeom] – sword that protecs life and doesn’t kill left and right.

Heavy weapon [중병(重兵) – jungbyeong] – general class of weapons, that are considered heavy.

묵철(墨鐵) – mugcheol – black iron, where 墨 – also means ‘black ink’ (Chinese traditional black ink). As far as I understand from reading about it, it’s a mythical murim material often used in wuxia and by looks it reminds of Japanese carbon steel chief knives. Lighter than cold iron and millennia cold steel that Hwasan used for swords.

Samadhi True Fire [삼매진화(三昧眞火) – sammaejinhwa] – creating flames from qi, special technique.

Inescapable Net Formation [천라지망(天羅地網) – cheonlajimang].

Martial arts principle [무리(武理)] – principles that lay at the foundation of different martial arts.

Tracking incense [추종향(追從香) – chujonghyang].

소주천[(小周天) – sojucheon] – Small Circulation (Secondary Circulation) – cultivation term.

Heavenly Silkworm Thread [천잠사(天蠶絲) – cheonjamsa].

pine caterpillar – 송충이 – a caterpillar of a pine moth, that obviously eats… pine needles.

Slender sword [세검(細劍) – segeom].

Woldo or moon blade [월도(月刀)].

Horn bows [각궁(角弓) – gaggung] – a type of a bow

Trap formations [절진(絶陣) – jeoljin].

Mukdo [묵도(墨刀) – ink stained blade] – blade that is solid black in color.

협봉검(狹鋒劍 – heob-bong-geom – hanja I found myself). 狹 – narrow, 鋒 – edge. “A sword with a narrow blade. It is not primarily used for swinging or cutting, but for stabbing.” On the pictures this sword looks very pointed and very straight, almost like a huge straight dagger. 

Blade’s flat side [도면(刀面) – domyeon].

Rotational force [회전경(回轉勁)].

장심(掌心) – jangsim – specifically refers to the central part of the palm ‘hollow of the palm.’ Important in palm techiques.

The night pearls [야명주 – yamyeongju] – spheres that shine by themselves in the dark.

Ten Thousand Li Golden Dove [만리금구(萬里金鳩) – manligeumgu] – made up name for the special messenger bird. Golden Sparrow [청령금작(聽領金雀) – cheonglyeong-geumjag] – it’s correct name.

Government bureau [관청(官廳) – gwancheong]. The officials of the government: official forces [관군(官軍) – gwangun].

Great Art of Turtle Breathing [귀식대법(龜息大法) – gwisik-daebeop].

절맥증(絕脈症) – jeolmaegjeung – ‘severed meridians syndrome.’ Im Sobyeong’s illness.

Divine Punishment [천형(天刑)].

Skeletal Arts [고루공(骷髏功) – goru-gong].

Soft Demonic Arts [유마공(柔魔功) – yu-magong].

경공(輕功) – gyeong-gong – lightfoot techniques.

Swift Medical Corps [신의단(迅醫團) – shinuidan] – medical division of Cheonumaeng.

Criminal world/Black path [흑도(黑道) – heugdo] – in modern terms: outlaws/mafia gangs, who are not members of the Evil Sects [Sapa], but criminals do not abiding by societal laws.

Severing Tendons and Shattering Meridians [단근참맥(斷筋斬脈)] – excommunication punishment.

Podao [박도(朴刀)] – type of a Chinese weapon.

Myeonlyugwan [면류관(冕旒冠)] – is a type of crown traditionally worn by the emperors of China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam, as well as other kings in the East Asia. It’s often pictured on illustrations of Jang Ilso.

Iron grappling hooks [철구삭(鐵鉤索) – cheolgusag] – deformed weapons used by Evil Sects to capture powerful foes.

Body and Sword Unification [신검합일(身劍合一) – singeomhabil]. The state of becoming one with the sword.

Hakchangui [학창의(鶴氅衣)] – traditional robe for scholars.

Dream-Soul Incense [몽혼향(夢魂香) – monghonhyang] – 夢魂 – one’s soul while in a dream. It was believed that soul leaves the body when person is dreaming.

Martial Alliance [Murimmaeng – 무림맹] more in ch.1614.

Heavenly Elixir [상천약수(上天藥水) – sangcheon-yagsu] – elixir that Jongnam is hoarding. More in ch. 1730.

Afterimage [잔영(殘影) – jan-yeong] – is left after someone/something is moving too fast.

Palm technique [장공(掌功) – jang-gong].

Five Elements [오행(五行) – ohaeng] Formation more in ch. 1680.

Sword shadow [검영(劍影) – geom-yeong].

Blade Wall [도벽(刀壁)] – defensive techique, blocking oncoming energy.

Fist power [권력(拳力) – gwonlyeog].

수도(手刀) – knife-hand/knifehand strike/karate chop.

Medicinal water [약수(藥水) – yagsu].

Stone Buddha [석불(石佛)].

Idol [신상(神像) – sinsang] – a statue of a deity.

Chant [독송(讀誦) – dogsong] (in religious context).

Sacrificial rite [제례(祭禮) – jelye].

Blood sacrifice [혈제(血祭) – hyeolje].

Fist seal [권인(拳印) – gwonin] – an image that is left after a fist techique.

Concealment arts [은형술(隱形術) – eunhyeongsul] – arts of concealing your presense.

Chivalrous warrior [협객 – hyeobgaeg] – used to describe wandering martial artists/warriors/swordsmen.

Janggi [장기 – 將棋·將碁] – a variant of Korean chess.

골패(骨牌) – golpae – Chinese domino.

곡차(穀茶) – gogcha – grain tea. A slang term used by monks. It is an euphemism for alcohol. The term literally means “tea made from grains,” but most traditional Korean liquors, such as makgeolli, are made from grains. The origin of the term comes from a Joseon-era monk named Jinmuk Daesa, who, feeling embarrassed while drinking alcohol, began calling it “tea” instead.

경신법(輕身法) – gyeongsinbeob – the hanja wasn’t provided by the author, so I have found it myself. Body Lightness/Lightening techniques involve fast and swift movement techniques, which enable a person to run/jump etc very fast. 

Nameless Sword [무명검(無名劍) – mumyeong-geom] any sword without affiliation to a sect.

심법(心法) – simbeob – literally “Mind Method” or “Mental Technique.” Hanja found by me. In Buddhism 心法 also means dharma of mind. 

Soul Manipulation – the author didn’t give hanja for 섭혼(seobhon), but as far as I have found, all the techniques that could be called ‘manipulative’ or ‘hypnotizing’ contain hanja – 섭혼(攝魂) which means soul control/capturing the soul. 

Sword master [검수(劍首) – geomsu] – someone who uses any type of sword.

Fist fighter [권사(拳士) – gwonsa] – master of a fist, unarmed martial artist etc.

Palm-strike force [장력(掌力) – janglyeog].

오체투지(五體投地) – ochetuji – prostration with five body parts touching the ground (hands, feet, head).

칠공(七孔) – seven opening of human head in traditional Chinese medicine (2 ears, 2 eyes, 2 nostrils, 1 mouth). 

Inhuman [인외(人外) – inoe] being – more in ch. 1781.

악마 – agma – 惡魔 – devil/demon/Satan/Mara. Depending on the context ig. Also ‘fiend.’ Word 101 for biga to describe demons.

악귀 – aggwi – 惡鬼 – evil spirit/demon.

Taoist concepts mentioned:

• Taoism [도가(道家) – doga]. Path of the Immortals [선도(仙道) – seondo].
• Vessel of the Tao [도기(道器) – dogi] – a person or an object that embodies or channels the teachings or principles of the Tao
• Taoist Energy [선기(仙氣) – seongi]. Energy cultivated using taosit practices.
• Dogwan [Taoist temple – 도관]. Doho [a taoist prayer].
• Immortal realm [선계 – seongye – there was no hanja provided but I think it’s 仙界].
• Taoist Scriptures [도경(道經) – dogyeong: 도교 경전].
• Primeval Lord of Heaven [원시천존(元始天尊) – wonsicheonjon] – one of the highest deities of Taoism. He is one of the Three Pure Ones and is also known as the Jade Pure One.
• 경신법(輕身法) (I found hanja myself) – gyeongsinbeob – the art of lightening the body. It falls into the realm of 능공허도(凌空虛道) “Tao that Transcends Empty Space”, so it’s a Taoist art I guess.
• Sage [(仙) – seon] – sage, immortal, transcendent being.
• 신선 – shinseon – Taoist hermit with miraculous powers.
• Path of the Immortals [선도(仙道) – seondo].
• 선식(仙食) – seonsig – literally “immortal’s food,” referring to a frugal, ascetic diet often associated with monks, Taoists, or hermits. 
• 정(精), 기(氣), 신(神) – essence, energy, and spirit. In Taoism: vital essence – the body’s foundational life force (jing); life energy or breath (qi) – flows through meridians, the force used in martial techniques, internal strength, and breath control; spirit, mind, or consciousness (shen) – associated with awareness, mental clarity, willpower, and spiritual cultivation. In traditional internal cultivation and Taoist philosophy: jing transforms into qi, qi transforms into shen, shen returns to the void (Tao). 

Buddhist concepts mentioned:

• Mara [마라(魔羅)] – malignant figure in Buddhism, demon.
• the Honored One [세존(世尊) – sejon] – (honorific, Buddhism) Bhagavan; Lord; Honoured One (title of the Buddha).
• Moktak [목탁] – buddhist instrument that looks remotely like a fish.
• Daesa [대사] – ‘Buddhist master, great Buddhist priest, great teacher of Buddhism,’ venerable monk.
• Impure Land [예토(穢土) – yeto] – or land of the living in Buddhism.
• The Pure Land [정토(淨土) – jeongto] refers to the world where Buddha resides.
• Kasaya [가사(袈裟)] – a part of a monks atire.
• the path of an ascetic [수행 – suhaeng] – there was no hanja but I think it is 修行 – sādhanā (from Sanskrit) – asceticism, a spiritual practice or discipline leading to a goal.
• Three Asankhya Kalpas 삼아승지겁(三阿僧祇劫) – (Pāli: asaṅkhyeyya kappānivery; Sanskrit: asaṃkhyeya kalpa) – long periods of times in which a monk that practices Buddha’s teachings can become Buddha. For more google it, it’s a lot.
• Why is Pāli language important interpreting buddhist terms alongside Sanskrit: it is the language in which the earliest complete set of Buddhist scriptures were written – these texts preserve the teachings of the historical Buddha (Siddhartha Gautama) as maintained in the Theravāda tradition.
• Alms [탁발(托鉢)] – The practice where monks who are cultivating their spiritual path recite scriptures[경문(經文)] while going from house to house to beg for alms. This practice not only advocates for the simplest form of living but also helps to eliminate self-centeredness(ego)[아집(我執)] and pride/arrogance[아만(我慢)]. It is said to nurture the virtue and merit of those who give, and has been practiced since the time of Buddha.
• 천자마(天子魔) – Cheonja-ma – Mara Papīyas (마라 파피야스): A demon appearing in Buddhist scriptures . He is called by various names such as Mara [마라(魔羅)], Cheonja-ma (often abbreviated to Cheonma), Ma-wang [마왕(魔王)], Pa-sun [파순], Ma-gun [마군(魔軍)] etc. In the Suttanipāta, he appears as Namu-chi [나무치], which when translated into Chinese means ‘a being that prevents liberation.’ In many ways, he resembles the Christian devil who tempts in the wilderness, serving as Buddhism’s version of a demon. The character ‘魔’ was created to phonetically transcribe Mara Papīyas.
• 입마(入魔) – ibma – ‘possed by a demon,’ refers to a state where one is overtaken or possessed by demonic influences. It often implies that a person has entered a state of being controlled or overwhelmed by malevolent forces or thoughts. In a spiritual or martial arts context, 입마 usually represents a moment when a practitioner loses control, succumbs to dark influences, or experiences a significant deviation from their spiritual path or discipline.
• 번뇌(beonnoe) is said in the raws, which I think is 백팔번뇌(百八煩惱) – the hundred-and-eight passions of mortals (in Buddhism). 번뇌 is a key concept referring to the root causes of suffering, such as greed, hatred, and ignorance, that keep human beings bound to the cycle of birth and death. The number 108 is symbolic, representing a comprehensive list of worldly desires and mental states that hinder enlightenment. 번뇌(煩惱) – delusions, mental afflictions, worldly desires, or spiritual turmoil. 
• 고뇌(苦惱) – gonoe – agony, distress, deep anguish, or torment. refers to intense mental suffering, distress, or torment. It describes a deep, often personal, emotional pain or inner turmoil. Broader term that refers to deep emotional or mental distress. It is not necessarily tied to spiritual or philosophical ideas.
• 정심(正心) – jeongsim – righteous(just)/heart(mind) depending on the context. In Buddhism can imply cleansing the mind of delusion, and aligning it with truth or the Dharma. Pure state of heart and mind (inner self(心 – heart/mind/core).
• Precept of Killing [살계(殺戒)].
• 아귀(餓鬼) – hungry ghost (preta) – beings of the underworld who are condemned to suffer from constant hunger, with stomachs as large as mountains and throats as narrow as needles.
• Avici Hell – 무간지옥(無間地獄) previously also mentioned by biga as 아비지옥(阿鼻地獄) which is the same thing (아비지옥 is a transliteration from Sanskrit). The lowest level of hell for the worst sinners.